2.329 Graizer et al. (2010) & Graizer et al. (2013)

• Ground-motion model is:
  
  where Y is in g, c₁ = 0.14, c₂ = -6.25, c₃ = 0.37, c₄ = 3.67, c₅ = -12.42, c₆ = -0.125, c₇ = 1.19, c₈ = -6.15, c₉ = 0.525, c₁₀ = -0.16, c₁₁ = 18.04, c₁₂ = -167.9, c₁₃ = 476.3, D₅ = 0.7, b_v = -0.24, V _A = 484.5, R₃ = 100km, σ = 0.83 (given by (Graizer et al., 2010) and reported in text of Graizer et al. (2013)) and σ = 0.55 (Graizer et al., 2013, Figure 6). Coefficients c₄, c₅, c₁₀–c₁₃ and D₅ are newly derived as is σ — the others are adopted from GMPE of Graizer and Kalkan (2007). D₃ = 0.65 for Z < 1km and 0.35 for Z ≥ 1km.
• Use sediment depth Z to model basin effects.
• Use two faulting mechanisms:

  1.

  Strike-slip and normal. F = 1.00

  2.

  Reverse. F = 1.28

• Update of GMPE of Graizer and Kalkan (2007) (see Section 2.279) to model faster attenuation for R > 100km using more data (from the USGS-Atlas global database).
• Compare data binned into 9 magnitude ranges with interval 0.4 and find good match.
• Note that large σ due to variability in Atlas database.
• Using data binned w.r.t. M_w and into 25 distance bins (with spacing of 20km) derive these models for σ: σ = -0.043M + 1.10 and σ = -0.0004R + 0.89.
• Examine residual plots w.r.t. distance, M_w and V _s,30 and find no trends.